Wood column.



PATENTED NOV. 22, 1.90/1.

J. W. HARTMANN.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

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J. W. HARTMANN.

WOOD COLUMN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.12,1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

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@mtime/Jaco UNITED STATES Patented November 22, 1904.

PATENT OEEICE.

WOOD COLUMN.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 775,365, dated November 22, 1904.

Application filed September l2, 1903. Serial No. 172,932. (No model.)

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Be it known that I, JOHN TV. H.\R'r.\iANN, a citizen of the United States. residing at Mount Vernon. in the county of Vestchester and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in food Columns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the construction of hollow columns of regular or irregular taper-such, for instance, as is called for in the classic orders of architecture; and it consists in providing the staves whereof these columns are formed with interlockingr tong'ues and grooves, the said interlocking devices being' parallel with the edg'es of the staves and integ'ral therewith.

As it is obviously impossible to secure solid timber of proper dimensions to build columns of colossal order, (this order covers columns of the heig'ht used to carry porch-roofs to the top of second story,) the diameter of which is regulated by the heig'ht according' to the order of architecture, it becomes necessary to build up the columns of staves, the same being' nailed to solid blocks or forms introduced at intervals throughout the length of the column or to employ properly-designed staves with abutting surfaces interlocking or otherwise. As the cost of making' staved columns is largely regulated by the thickness 3f the stock required from which the staves are cut, it is of considerable importance or value to provide means whereby the required taper or entasis may be secured in the roug'h previous to turning in the lathe. ThisI accomplish by making' the staves of variable width with interlocking' features, as hereinafter described, whereby the said interlocking portions are maintained at relative distances from the inside face of the staves, thus permitting of the fluting or channeling of the outer surface of the column to any reasonable depth, or to the proper depth called for by the architectural detail, without the liability of cutting' into and injuring the integrity of the lockjoints.

M y improvements will be readily understood by referring to the accompanying' drawings, whereon- Figure 1 is an elevation of a column of uniform diameter'. Fig'. 9. is a similar view of a uniformly-tapered column. Fig'. 3 shows a column partially tapered, as called for in most of the classic orders of architecture. Fig. 4 represents a column diminished at both ends, a

form or style which is sometimes used. In each of the above figures the joint-line of the staves is clearly indicated. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the column represented at Fig. 3. It also shows plan by which the proper entasis or taper is secured. Figs. 6, T, 8, and 9 are cross-sections of Fig'. 5 at their respective levels. Fig. 10 represents the inner side of a stave with interlocking means near each edge thereof. Fig. l1 is an end view of the stave shown in Fig'. 10, and Fig'. l2 is an enlai'ged section of a column composed of staves having edges united together, as is the nature of my invention.

Inasmuch as my invention relates to the construction of a column or shaft only, it has not been deemed necessary to illustrate any particular style of base or cap in connection with same.

Referring again to the drawings, the staves (l. of Fig'. l ai'e of equal width throughout their whole lengths, the connecting-edges of said staves being' designated by the straight parallel lines shown at In Fig'. Q the staves l/ are shown with straight taper at each side thereof to suit the taper of the column. 1n Fig. 3 the lower portion of the staves e are of even width, the tapering under poi'- tion having curved edges, as shown at In Fig'. 4. both the upper and lower portions of the stave are curved to produce a column with a gradually-diminishing upper and lower end, as shown.

In the construction of my improved column an even number of staves are employed, the contacting' edges of one half of the staves being provided with outwardly-faced tongues c and grooves I and the other halfof the staves having inwardly-faced matching' grooves c and tongues ffor securely locking the members of the column together, as shown in Fig'. 1Q.

The abutting edges of the staves may be provided with a coat of glue to firmly imite same together, andother forms of locking devices inay be employed without departing IOO from the spirit of my invention, the essential feature of which is that the locking devices shall be parallel with the edges of the staves, that various configurations of staves may be secured together to produce columns of different form.

My invention isapplicable for the construction of tubes for containing orY conducting liquids or as a covering for pipes, as well as for the making of hollow masts, spars, and other similar use.

The term swelled as employed herein is intended to imply a form which is of less width or diameter at the termini than at some point intermediate thereof, and the term uniformly swelled varying width in reference to the shape of the staves .to imply that the staves are curved or formed from terminus to terminus on lines of varying but oppositely-equidistant points from a central line.

The integral locking devices of the staves which I employ in the construction of a swelled column, as herein described, are preferably of such character as to unite the staves laterally and radially and are arranged upon the staves so that when united in the form of a column the integral locking devices will be at an oblique angle to the radius thereof.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A column composed of a plurality of swelled staves united by integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius.

2. A column composed of a plurality of swelled staves united by integral locking devices arranged so that a locking-surface thereof is at an oblique angle to the radius.

3. A swelled column composed of a plurality of swelled staves united at their adjoining edges by integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius.

4E. A column composed of a plurality of swelled staves united by integral laterally-acting locking devices.

5. A column composed of a plurality of swelled staves united by integral laterally and radially acting locking devices.

6. A column composed of a plurality of staves of uniformly swelled varying width provided with integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius, said staves being collectively united thereby.

7. A column composed of a plurality of staves of swelled irregular widths, the abutting edges of which are united by integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius.

8. A column composed of a plurality of staves of greater central width than at the termini provid ed with integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius, said staves being collectively united thereby.

9. A hollow column composed of a series of staves of irregular widths, said staves being of less width at the termini than at a point intermediate thereof to conform with the desired form of swelled column, each stave having integral locking devices arranged atan oblique angle to the radius and parallel with the edges thereof.

10. A column composed of a series of staves of uniformly irregular widths, said staves being of less width at the termini than at other portions thereof, the abutting edges of which are provided with integral locking devices arranged at an oblique angle to the radius thereof.

11. A swelled column composed of a plurality of staves, the several staves of which are locked solely by the integral locking devices thereon.

12. In a column, a swelled stave provided at its lateral edges with integral oblique-angle locking devices.

13. In a column, a stave of greater central width than at the termini provided at its lateral edges with integral oblique-angle joining devices.

14. In a column, a stave of greater central width than at the termini and having tapering edges, the said edges provided with integral oblique-angle joining devices.

15. In a column, a stave having tapering edges and of less width at the termini than at other portions intermediate thereof, the said edges having integral oblique-angle matching grooves, and tongues of locking character and parallel therewith to form a swelled column, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN W. HARTMANN.

Witnesses:

F. W. HOLD, GEORGE H. KAPP.

IOO 

